Background reading

Studies on grounding (earthing)

Grounding (or earthing) is the body's electrical contact with the earth. Here we have gathered some published studies on it, from the most recent to the oldest, for anyone who wants to read the original research.

  1. Laboratory study · 2025

    Earthing effects on mitochondrial function: ATP production and ROS generation

    Giulivi y Kotz · FEBS Open Bio

    An experiment on isolated mitochondria measuring their energy (ATP) and reactive oxygen species production when grounded.

    Read the study
  2. Randomised controlled trial · 2019

    Effectiveness of Grounded Sleeping on Recovery After Intensive Eccentric Muscle Loading

    Müller, Pröller, Ferreira-Briza, Aglas y Stöggl · Frontiers in Physiology

    Compares recovery after intense exercise between athletes sleeping on a grounded sheet and a control group.

    Read the study
  3. Controlled study · 2015

    Grounding after moderate eccentric contractions reduces muscle damage

    Brown, Chevalier y Hill · Open Access Journal of Sports Medicine

    Measures pain and muscle-damage markers after eccentric exercise in grounded participants and a control group.

    Read the study
  4. Review · 2012

    Earthing: Health Implications of Reconnecting the Human Body to the Earth's Surface Electrons

    Chevalier, Sinatra, Oschman, Sokal y Sokal · Journal of Environmental and Public Health

    Reviews earlier studies on the body's contact with the earth's surface and the physiological and well-being changes they describe.

    Read the study
  5. Experimental study · 2011

    Earthing the human body influences physiologic processes

    Sokal y Sokal · Journal of Alternative and Complementary Medicine

    Five experiments comparing blood, hormonal and immune-response parameters in grounded and non-grounded participants.

    Read the study
  6. Double-blind study · 2010

    Changes in pulse rate, respiratory rate, blood oxygenation, perfusion index, skin conductance, and their variability induced during and after grounding human subjects for 40 minutes

    Chevalier · Journal of Alternative and Complementary Medicine

    Records pulse, breathing, blood oxygenation and skin conductance during and after 40 minutes of grounding.

    Read the study
  7. Review and commentary · 2007

    Can electrons act as antioxidants? A review and commentary

    Oschman · Journal of Alternative and Complementary Medicine

    Puts forward the hypothesis that electrons from the earth's surface could act as antioxidants.

    Read the study